5月4日,在比利时布鲁塞尔,一名外卖员骑车送餐。 新华社记者 郑焕松 摄
vip彩票ZUOWEIHULIANWANGSHIDAIDEQUANXINGONGZUOFANGSHI,LINGGONGJINGJIZHENGZAIGAIBIANCHUANTONGDEDANYILAODONGGUYONGXINGSHI。CONGGESONGCANSONGHUOPINGTAISHANGDEWAIMAIKUAIDIXIAOGE,DAOZUOSHEJI、XIEZUODENGZHISHIJINENGFENXIANGXINGDE“XIEGANGQINGNIAN”,ZHEIXIEQUNTIDOUZAILINGGONGJINGJIXINGUYONGMOSHIXIAYONGXIAN。LINGHUODEJIUYEMOSHI、FENGFUDEJIUYEQUDAO、JIAODIDECONGYEMENJIAN……“DALINGGONG”GULILAODONGZHELIYONGZIJIDETEZHANG、ZIYUAN、JINENGDENGHUOQUBAOCHOU,SHIXIANvipCAIPIAOJIAZHI。
vip彩票“LINGGONGJINGJI”YICI2008NIANGUOJIJINRONGWEIJIQIJIANKAISHILIUXING。XINGUANYIQINGCHONGJIXIA,DANGYUANBENWENDINGDEGONGZUOBUZAIWENDING,KAO“DALINGGONG”ZHUANQIANCHENGWEIBUSHAOLAODONGZHEDEXUANZE。ZAISHIJIEFANWEINEI,LIYONGSUIPIANSHIJIAN”DALINGGONG”DELAODONGZHEBIBIJIESHI。RUHETONGGUOLINGGONGPINGTAIZHAOGONGZUO?RUHEBAOZHANGLAODONGZHEDEQUANYI?ZAILINGGONGJINGJIRIQUFANRONGDEDANGXIA,ZHEIXIEWENTISHOUDAOSHIJIEGEGUOLAODONGZHEJIZHENGFUDEGUANZHU。
数字平台连接劳动者和商家
vip彩票LINGGONGJINGJIYUTIGONGSHIXINZHIGONGZUOPINGTAIDEXINGQIMIBUKEFEN。ZAIZHEIXIEPINGTAISHANG,CANTING、CHAOSHIDENGGUYONGZHEFABUZIJIXUYAOLINGGONGDESHIJIANDUAN,YONGHUKEYIGENJUZIJIDESHIJIANXUANZEGONGZUO。
ZAIAODALIYA,YOUBAIYUGETIGONGLINGGONGGANGWEIDESHUZIPINGTAI。RENMENZUICHANGYONGDESHIPAOTUIFUWUWANGZHANAirtasker、YOUBUUber、WEIKEJIANZHIPINGTAIFreelancer、YOUBUWAIMAIUber EatsHEDAISHUSONGCANDeliveroo。
vip彩票ZAISHIYONGZHEZUIDUODELINGGONGPINGTAIAirtaskerSHANG,QIUZHIZHEKEYITONGGUODITUSOUSUOFUJINKEZUODEGONGZUO,YEKEYIGENJUJULI、XINSHUIDENGSHAIXUANFUHEZIJIYAOQIUDEGONGZUO。ERXUNZHAOFUWUDEREN,KEYIGENJUFANGWUQINGJIE、BANJIA、YUNSHU、YUANYIDENGBUTONGGONGZHONG,SHURUZIJIDEJUTIYAOQIU,ZHAODAOSHIHEDEQIUZHIZHE。
ZAIYINGGUO,XIANGYAODALINGGONGDELAODONGZHEBIXUZHENGMINGZIJIYOUZAIYINGGUOGONGZUODEZIGE,BINGTONGGUOFANZUIJILUJIANCHA。RUGUOSHIJIASHIYUAN,HAIXUYAOZHENGMINGZIJIYIGOUMAISHIDANGBAOXIAN,BINGTIGONGZHUCEXIANGXIXINXI。
vip彩票YIYINGGUOLINGGONGPINGTAI“DAISHUSONGCAN”WEILI,QISONGCANYUANDADUOSHIZIXINGCHEQISHOU,DULIYUCANTING。GAIPINGTAIYOULIANGZHONGXINCHOUJIEGOU。YIZHONGSHIWEIQISHOUZHIFUSHIXIN,BINGWEIMEICISONGCANZHIFUSHAOLIANGEWAIFEIYONG。DIERZHONGSHIWEIQISHOUANJIANFUFEI。SHUJUXIANSHI,GAIPINGTAIQISHOUPINGJUNGONGZIWEIMEIXIAOSHI10YINGBANG,ZAIFANMANGSHIDUANGAODAMEIXIAOSHI21YINGBANG。
5NIANQIAN,YOU8%DEMEIGUORENTONGGUOSHUZIPINGTAIJIESHOUGONGZUOHUORENWUZHUANQIAN,DAO2020NIAN,SHUZIPINGTAITIGONGDEGONGZUOGENGJIADUOYANGHUA,RENHEXUQIUDOUCUISHENGYIZHONGLINGGONGZHONGLEI。TONGJIXIANSHI,MEIGUOZHENGZAIJIANLILINGGONGJINGJI。JUGUJI,DUODASANFENZHIYIDEGONGZUORENKOUJUBEILELINGGONGNENGLI。
ZAIXINGUANFEIYANMANYANQIJIAN,HENDUOMEIGUORENBIXU“stay at home”,YIXIEBIXUWEISHENGCUNWAICHUDERENZHAODAOLEXINLINGGONG。XUEXIAOSHIXINGYUANCHENGJIAOXUEHOU,XUESHENGMENJUJIADEBUBAOHEXUEXIZHUANGTAI,CUSHIvipCAIPIAODEKEWAIFUDAOJIAOSHILIYONGzoomSHIPINHUIYIPINGTAISHIXIANSHANGJI,SHENZHIGUANBIDEJIANSHENFANG、PEIXUNZHONGXINYEZAIzoomHUODEZHONGXINKAIKEDEJIHUI。MEIGUOPIYOUYANJIUZHONGXINDEDIAOCHAXIANSHI,30%ZUOYOUDEMEIGUOCHENGNIANRENZAISHUZI“PINGTAIJINGJI”ZHONGZHUANDAOLEQIAN。
零工劳动者权益亟需保障
BANSUIZHELINGGONGJINGJIDEHUORE,YIXIEQIANZAIWENTI,LIRUMOSHIFUWUTIGONGZHEGONGZUOHUANJINGHEBAOZHANGDENG,YEZHUJIANFUXIAN。
XUDUOLIUXUESHENGXUANZELIYONGKEYUSHIJIANDALINGGONGZHUANQUSHENGHUOFEI,JIANQINGCAIWUFUDAN。ZAIXINILIUXUEDEZHONGGUOLIUXUESHENGXIAODONGJIUCENGZUOGUOSONGCANYUAN。“DALINGGONGDEHAOCHUJIUSHIBIJIAOZIYOU,YUESHUSHAO。DANYECUNZAIYIXIEQUEDIAN,BIRUWULUNTIANQIHAOHUAIDOUDEZAIWAIBENBO。YINXIANGBIJIAOSHENKEDESHI,YOUYICIWANSHANGXIADABAOYU,YIZHIZAIYUZHONGSONGCAN,SHOUJIDOUBEILINHUAILE。”
vip彩票JINGUANZAIDAGONGQIJIANFUCHUXUDUOXINKU,KEXIAODONGDESHIXINZHIYOU13AOYUAN。DIAOCHAXIANSHI,XUDUORENDUILINGGONGJINGJIDELINGHUOXINGBIAOSHIGAODUMANYI,DANJUEDESHOURUQINGKUANGBUTAILIXIANG。QUANAOLINGGONGDEPINGJUNSHIXINWEI32.16AOYUAN,ZUIDISHIXINWEI18.93AOYUAN。TIGONGZHUANYELEIFUWUDEGONGRENSHIXINZUIGAO,MEIXIAOSHICHAOGUO50AOYUAN。ERSHIJISHANG,BINGFEISUOYOUPINGTAIDOUNENGDADAOZUIDISHIXINBIAOZHUN。
在澳大利亚,针对零工经济劳动者的相关立法比较欠缺。澳联邦政府2017年9月发布的《公司规避公平工作法》报告以及维多利亚州议会2018年7月发布的《零工经济中的劳工权利》报告均指出,零工经济对就业性质产生了巨大影响,个人就业的传统范式受到了自由承包人这一工作类型的挑战。在这样一种经济模型中,月嫂,临时和灵活是工作的常态和优势,但同时也导致一些工人错过了诸如收入担保、意外保险、带薪休假和退休金等普通员工享有的保障和福利。
vip彩票ZAIZHONGGUOTAIWANDIQU,LINGGONGJINGJIMOSHIYEMIANLINXIANGSIWENTI。XUDUORENSUIYOUGONGZUO,QUEBUJUBEILAOGONGSHENFEN,KENENGCHENGWEIGEZHONGFULIBAOZHANGDELOUWANGZHIYU。TAIWANYOUZHUANYELVSHIZHICHU,BUTONGYUYIBANJISHIDAGONG,HUOYIDINGSHIJIANNEIGUYONGDELINSHIGONG,GERENCHENGLANGONGZUOBUSHUYUSHOUGULAOGONG。CHENGLANZHEHEFAANZHEZHIJIANBUSHIGUYONGGUANXI,YINCIBUXIANGYOULAOBAOJIANBAO,YEMEIYOUGUZHUTIBOXINZI6%DELAOGONGTUIXIUJIN。RUOYAOTOUBAO,XUJIARUZHIYEGONGHUI,SUOYOUCHENGBENDOUXUZIXINGFUDAN。
MEIYOUZUGOUZHENGCE、FALVTIAOKUANYUESHUDELINGGONGJINGJI,ZAI“YEMANSHENGZHANG”DETONGSHIWEIQUANZHIYUANGONGZAOCHENGYIDINGKUNRAO。YOUYULINGGONGBAOCHOUJIAODI,YIXIEGONGSIBUTAIQINGYUANGUYONGQUANZHIYUANGONG。DANGYOUZUGOUDUOLINSHIGONGKEYISUISHISHANGGANGSHI,GUZHUGENGQINGXIANGYUGUYONGLINSHIGONG,ZHEIFANERSHINEIXIEXUNQIUANWEN、FULIYIJIXIANGYINGBAOHUDELAODONGZHESHIQUGONGZUO。
WEISHILINGGONGJINGJIMOSHIGENGWANSHAN,2020NIAN1YUE1RI,MEIGUOJIAZHOUZHENGSHISHIXING“LINGGONGFAAN”。FAANGUIDINGJIANGLINGGONGGUIWEIZHIGONG,BINGYUQUANZHIYUANGONGXIANGSHOUTONGYANGFULIHEDAIXINXIUJIA。YINGGUOZHENGFUYEXIANGLAODONGZHECHENGNUO,TIGAOLAODONGZHEQUANYI,JIYUQIQIANDINGQUANRIZHIHETONGZAINEIDEQUANLIBAOHU。
vip彩票MIANDUIJIYUYUTIAOZHANBINGCUNDELINGGONGJINGJIMOSHI,CHULEKAOLVSHOURU,GENGYAOJINSHENPINGGULINGGONGDUIGERENJINENGTISHENGHEZHIYESHENGYAFAZHANDEYINGXIANG,BIMIANLUORUQINGYIBEIQUDAISHIYE、HUOXIANZAIKUYU“QIONGMANG”DE“LINGGONGJINGJI”。ZAIGULIJIUYEDANXINGZHIJI,GENGBUYINGHUSHILAOGONGQUANYIBAOZHANG。
(ZEBIAN:ZHANGXINFENG、YANGMU)
vip彩票 (ZERENBIANJI:AMANFUWU)